Showing posts with label teaching. Show all posts
Showing posts with label teaching. Show all posts

Wednesday, 30 March 2016

Advice for self-study for work



DRAFT

Despite there being tens of magic methods that promise to teach you English in 6 weeks or 6 months for that matter, I regret to say that this is just very unrealistic. That’s why we’ve compiled some tips and recommendations to help you make the most of your self-study, in a realistic way, provided you are self-driven, motivated and disciplined. Expect no miracles but reward guaranteed!
I am sure you’ve heard and seen all over the notion that in order to master anything, you need around 10,000 hours of doing it. For some people it’ll be more and for other a bit less, but that’s seems to be a fairly accurate number, according to experts. That means no quick methods. However, this also depends on your goals. When it comes to learning English, let’s first think a couple of things through:

-       Do you want to be accurate and fluent? Accurate meaning: no or very few grammar mistakes and fluent meaning that you aim at making yourself understood despite grammar mistakes

-       Will you be communicating with native speakers who are not used to speaking to non-native speakers, to native speakers who usually deal with non-native speakers, or to non-native speakers of various levels of command of command of the language?

-        How much of my time I am willing to spend exposed to English, with an active approach to learning out of this exposure? Watching a film in English for the sake of learning English won’t be very productive unless you are active in your learning (I’ll expand on this later)

-       How different is your mother tongue from English? What bad habits you have when it comes to communicating in English? – it’s often important to unlearn what you think you know and break this habit by bombarding the brain with the right expression / grammar structure / whatever you want to learn/...

-       What do I want to focus on: grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation, understanding native speakers of different nationalities?

-        
It’s never been easier to learn than now. With opportunities to spend time in countries where the target language is spoken, with mobile learning (apps, the ubiquitous availability of Wi-Fi, photo cameras to take photos of material and sheets and handouts, free online courses, free language exchanges online, online magazines, radios in English online and a longer list of options). Consequently, provided you’re motivated and disciplined, learning is at the palm of your hand and just one or two clicks away.
The way I interpret language learning is holistic. That means that ideally, when you’re learning a new vocabulary item, a new structure, it’s good to learn it as a whole, as a chunk and focus on pronunciation, connecting the words if they have to be connected, learning the words it usually is combined with. Like this, you’ll be easier to understand and you’ll understand others far more easily, you’ll be more efficient and gain fluency. English is complex in ways that you may never have been shown or told. That shouldn’t be a problem or put you off studying it, however, it’s good to be aware of that.  Yet again, this depends on your mother tongue in many ways and how you’ve learned whatever English you know.
The problem for many is that nowadays most people have learned a bit of English, most can perform at work with varying levels of fluency or accuracy but if you really want to improve and ... that’s hard work, when you can already communicate, ...

Failure to see that you learn a language not only to speak but also to be spoken, to understand others is crucial, too. It’s a two way thing. Don’t just set your goals like : I want to speak better English. Speaking is just one area you want to learn. To speak better English, we need to know what exactly you’ll be speaking about, you need vocabulary, this vocabulary maybe associated to a certain grammar and register, etc.  Learning a foreign language involves speaking and being spoken, so understanding and being understood. Also, be specific and realistic and invest time in learning the basics well as this will make it easier for you to pick up a bit more complex grammar. It’s key to understand the have as an auxiliary verb for example, to succeed at higher levels.

. Tip: watch videos giving you advice on how to learn and study. They’ll help you understand why it’s helpful to follow their advice
My favourites are:

Some people focus their teaching in themes, as it has always been done, the way I see it this method has pros and cons, ..experiment and find a way that resonates with you, that you identify that you learn the best..and by this I don’t mean identifying if you are visual, kinaestheic or audio learner, it’s beyond this. 

Repetition is key, go over exercises, videos, podcasts, a few times. You’re learning English, learning is exposure, you learn a word when you’ve seen it a meaningful, relevant context a number of times. Meaningful, relavant to you. You’re brain is lazy, help it learn by exposing yourself to what you want to learn. 

Get into the habit of using your resources actively, that is, if you’re at a PC, by default, open your howjsay (I’ll explain this later) google translate or equivalent and wordreference or any other online dictionary of your choice. Use their pronunciation icon, type and listen to words and expressions.  

Podcasts
Radios
Video channels on youtube
Pronunciation and fluency
Reading newspapers, watching short videos,
Youtube speed and subtitles, ted talks speed and subtitles,

+ videos

Recommended apps vary from website to website, from teacher to teacher so here is a list but do find out what you like best, go and explore itunes and google store to find others you might like. Some are for Android only, other of iOS, some are free others are not,... the list here if for free ones.  Apps: https://edition.englishclub.com/articles/top-10-apps-for-learning-english/

Common needs I have identified:
Improving email writing style
Insisting on present perfect for and since


lo único que puedo recomendarte para aprender rápido es motivación para estudiar, (usa métodos tradicionales con nuevos (apps, videos, podcasts, etc - experimenta hasta encontrar uno o varios métodos que te gusten) - y disciplina y que estés abierta a replantearte ideas / significados etc. Submérgete en la lengua que quieras aprender. Encuentra tu manera de aprender.
Pero no hay nada como motivación real (y que de te la creas tu des de dentro de tus entrañas - ya sea realmente querer x trabajo, querer ganar más dinero, viaje, necesitar comunicarte con una persona en tu vida)  y disciplina.

Wednesday, 15 July 2015

¡¿Porqué no entiendo a los nativos?!


Youtube ahora está lleno de videos explicando porqué cuesta entender a los nativos, y es cierto, cuesta, no están porqué sí. Creo que no hay nadie que diga que les resulta fácil entender a los nativos, lo que es más, incluso profesores no nativos, con buen inglés les puede costar entenderlos. Es así. Lo he contrastado e incluso en el CEF, el famoso Common European Framework en nivel proficiency pone que no se tiene problema en entender ningún tipo de audio teniendo en cuenta que se puede necesitar una adaptación al acento o variedad. 

Vamos a analizar esto un poco algunas de las razones por las cuales cuesta tanto entender a los nativos de lengua inglesa, según mi experiencia conmigo misma y con mis alumnos (adultos).
Tal como vemos en el mindmap lo he clasificado en colores. Hay una parte en rosa de sonidos, pronunciación y fonética. Aquí englobamos:
1. el hecho que hablan muy rápido en comparación con la inmensa mayoría de audios a los que posiblemente hayáis estado expuestos. A mi modo de ver no es que os deberían haber puesto audios "nativos" de buenas a primeras pero es cierto que del aula a la realidad, hay un salto, incluso cuando se escuchan las noticias de la bbc, a veces!
2. las varias variedades del inglés (britanico, escocés, americano, de kenya, de Canadá, de India, de Sudafrica, etc). I dentro de estas variedades, la gran cantidad de acentos que hay. Muchos. Muchos acentos y cada acento pronuncia las vocales de manera ligermente (o no tant ligeramente) distinta.
3. el hecho que el inglés, comparado con otras lenguas latinas, no es silabico. qué significa esto? que en castellano, todas las silabas se pronuncian con similar longitud, todas "cuentan" por igual. El inglés se considera un idioma rítmico, las sílabas tónicas son claras (si sabéis distiguir el sonido vocal) y la mayoría de las otras o todas las otras son lo que llamámos debiles, suenan poco o casi nada y a menudo la vocal ha quedado reducida a un sonido neutro, la schwa. el catalan y el francés tienen algo muy similar pero no el castellano. Estas formas débiles... merecen 4 o 5 horas de clase sinó más!
4. los sonidos... hay sonidos que resultan muy parecidos pero distinguien palabras. Ejemplo hat and hut, heart and hurt and heard. Hay lo que llamamos minimal pairs, sonidos que se asimilan a otros cuando se encuentran seguidos, la pronunciación del -ed etc. Esto merece otras varias clases.
5. el connected speech. El hecho que unimos palabras y para un "untrained" ear, dos o más palabras parecen una sola ...en realidad son una sola secuencia de sonidos que si no se tienen un sólido conocimiento de gramatica y un amplio léxico pueden resultar incomprensibles (hasta que lo veis escrito!)y tambien entra aquí el tema de las contracciones!
6. la intrusive r, the w sound, the j sound that gets inserted between words sometimes. The typical examples for /r/ i law and order  suena como /loranode/ . Esto esta "connected" y con la r que en realidad no está! Como váis a entender si no os ayudan a pillar todo esto por más que sepáis las palabras?!
7. y todo está relacionado con el chunking ... e incluso collocations ---cosa que nos lleva a mi sección verde de Vocabulario (gramatica)

Aquí encontramos:
1. los famosos y nada amados phrasal verbs. Muchos y algunos nada intuitivos. Y si añadimos a esto al hecho que tendéis a pensar que una palabra = un significado, complica más las cosas que los aprendáis.Y los mismo con los modal verbs!
2. idioms y expresiones fijas, muchísimas y mucho más frecuentes que en español, me atrevería a decir.
3. el hecho que si no se tienen un buen conocimiento de vocabulario y gramática y a la vez de pronunciación, cuesta distinguir lo que sabéis de nombres de persona/lugar, palabras realmente nuevas para vosotros.

Hay pocas personas que al hablar a un no nativo tengan una consciencia de que para los no-nativos hay algunos de estos aspectos les puede resultar dificiles. No saben adaptar-se demasiado a menos que ellos mismos hayan estudiado a fondo lenguas estrangeras y aún así, hay un conocimiento pobre de gramática , a diferencia de aquí en España. No aprender "lengua inglesa" en el cole y por lo tanto no necesariamente saben qué es un phrasal verb y que para "ti" esto te resulta díficil.

Esto nos lleva a una parte cultural en amarillo.
1. el sarcasmo e ironia - varía tambien entre paises anglofonos
2. esta falta de consciencia de otros idiomas y a menudo del suyo mismo
3. eufemismos,
4. referencias culurales que si no has crecido en un pais anglofono seguramente no tendrás - esto varía de sitio en sitio.
5. AS far a linguistic culture goes, en inglés se usan muchos adjetivos y adverbios, a diferencia del castellano, en nuestro día a día.

Speech in blue
Lo que llamamos fillers, hesitations, hedges, the use of vague language, false beginnings, etc- Todo esto va de algun modo relacionado con la pronunciación y el léxico y el ser capaces de identificar qué es qué, lo que no es necesariamente fácil a menos que hayáis educado a vuestras orejas a captar y "notice" y deducir qué es qué de manera casi automática, to work out whether xxx 's a grammatical word or just a filler (I am thinking of "kind of" as an example).

formality 
This idea that English is or sounds formal, it is true it can be formal, neutral or informal/colloquial and these spheres are usually signalled by language. require and need, alight and get off, board and get on, further and more, thank you and thanks, prior to and before... are just a few words that  show this formality. Length of sentences is another. The longer it is the more formal it is perceived, if the right language is used, needless to say.


Update: having said all this, I had this reverie while driving back home last night that learners find this difficult but it's partly due to the fact that teachers don't use this as rich language namely for practical reasons, namely for the expressions natives use are often with and among other native speakers in real conversations, Tradictionally we teachers have taught this language (idioms andphrasal verbs) out of a book, lists, fill in the gaps with the right preposition but some teachers use a very very limited number of these expressions. How are learners going to see the expressions in a real situation? HOw are learners' brains going to see the need to acquire them if learners are given and have easier to learn and remember cognates? HOw are learners going to understand native speakers if most of us are not natives and scaffold our teaching for learning-sake, or so we think.

Además... es mucho más rápido que el inglés que se usa en una clase de inglés.

and   http://fasteasyenglish.blogspot.com.es/

Judy Thomson - three secrest of spoken English - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NcX2AwH3cG8

I'll expand on this as soon as I can
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